Selected Governing Standards

It is critically important that human rights defenders recognize that standards governing ESC rights hold differing weights in that some are binding, while others are merely persuasive (see legal force of human rights and humanitarian law instruments).

United Nations Treaties

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

  • Draft Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
  • Charter of the United Nations
  • Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
  • Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
  • Convention on the Rights of the Child
  • Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons
  • International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
  • International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families
  • International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid
  • International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
  • Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
  • Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
  • Body of Principles for the Protection of All Persons under Any Form of Detention or Imprisonment
  • Basic Principles for the Treatment of Prisoners
  • International Convention Against Apartheid in Sports
  • Convention on Biological Diversity
  • Convention to Combat Desertification in Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa
  • Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage and Registration of Marriages
  • Convention on the International Right of Correction
  • Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property
  • Convention on the Nationality of Married Women
  • Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness
  • Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees
  • Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others
  • Food Aid Convention
  • Universal Copyright Convention as Revised at Paris 24 July 1971
  • Framework Convention on Climate Change
  • Vienna Convention of the Protection of the Ozone Layer
  • Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees
  • The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
  • Other United Nations Instruments

    Instruments Adopted by United Nations Agencies